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<div class="news_desc" style="font-size: 12px;">This page explains you all tests will be taken during your pregnancy period. Click on test buttons to know more.</div>

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<div id="accordion_newinfo" >
    <h3><a href="#">1°TRIMESTER: UP TO 12 WEEKS + 6 DAYS</a></h3>
    <div>

        <div id="suba1">
            <h3><a href="#1a">2° Month</a></h3>
            <div>
                <p>It's useful for a pregnancy confirmation.</p>
                <p><a href="#" id="dl" class="ui-state-default ui-corner-all">pregnancy test (blood test, urinalysis -medical diagnostic kit)</a></p>
                <p><a href="#" id="dl1" class="ui-state-default ui-corner-all">1°gynecological examination</a></p>
                <p><a href="#" id="dl2" class="ui-state-default ui-corner-all">Genetic counseling</a></p>
                <p><a href="#" id="dl3" class="ui-state-default ui-corner-all">Blood analysis</a></p>
                <p><a href="#" id="dl4" class="ui-state-default ui-corner-all">COMPLETE URINE ANALYSIS</a></p>
                <p><a href="#" id="dl5" class="ui-state-default ui-corner-all">Electrocardiogram</a></p>
            </div>
            <h3><a href="#1b">3° Month</a></h3>
            <div>
                <p><a href="#" id="dl6" class="ui-state-default ui-corner-all">Gynecological Examination</a></p>
                <p><a href="#" id="dl7" class="ui-state-default ui-corner-all">1, Obstetric Ultrasound (9 ^ - ^ 12 weeks)</a></p>
                <p><a href="#" id="dl8" class="ui-state-default ui-corner-all">Bi-test o Duo-Test (10-12°week/s)</a></p>
                <p><a href="#" id="dl9" class="ui-state-default ui-corner-all">NT - Nuchal Translucency (11° -13° week + 6 days)</a></p>
                <p><a href="#" id="dl10" class="ui-state-default ui-corner-all">Combined test & Contingent tests (11° -13° weeks + 6 days)</a></p>
                <p><a href="#" id="dl11" class="ui-state-default ui-corner-all">CVS(10 ° -12 ° wk)</a></p>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>




    <h3><a href="#">2° TRIMESTER From 13 weeks to 27 weeks + 6 days</a></h3>
    <div>        
        <div id="suba2">
            <h3><a href="#2a">4° Month</a></h3>
            <div>                
                <p><a href="#" id="dl12" class="ui-state-default ui-corner-all">Gynecological examination</a></p>
                <p><a href="#" id="dl13" class="ui-state-default ui-corner-all">Blood analysis</a></p>
                <p><a href="#" id="dl14" class="ui-state-default ui-corner-all">COMPLTE URINE ANALYSIS</a></p>
                <p><a href="#" id="dl15" class="ui-state-default ui-corner-all">Amniocentesis (15 ° -17 ° week)</a></p>
                <p><a href="#" id="dl16" class="ui-state-default ui-corner-all">Tri-Test o Triple Test (15°-20° week/s)</a></p>
                <p><a href="#" id="dl17" class="ui-state-default ui-corner-all">Dosage of the Alfa Fetus Protein (AFP) in the mother's blood (15° - 20° week/s)</a></p>
            </div>
            <h3><a href="#2b">5° Month</a></h3>
            <div>
                <p><a href="#" id="dl18" class="ui-state-default ui-corner-all">Gynecological Examination</a></p>
                <p><a href="#" id="dl19" class="ui-state-default ui-corner-all">2° ecografia (morfologica) (19°-21° sett)</a></p>
                <p><a href="#" id="dl20" class="ui-state-default ui-corner-all">3D ultrasound</a></p>
                <p><a href="#" id="dl21" class="ui-state-default ui-corner-all">Cordocentesis (18 ° - week-term)</a></p>
                <p><a href="#" id="dl22" class="ui-state-default ui-corner-all">Blood analysis</a></p>
                <p><a href="#" id="dl23" class="ui-state-default ui-corner-all">COMPLTE URINE ANALYSIS</a></p>
                <p><a href="#" id="dl24" class="ui-state-default ui-corner-all">Doppler flowmetry (22 ° -24 ° week)</a></p>
            </div>
            <h3><a href="#2c">6° Month</a></h3>
            <div>
                <p><a href="#" id="dl25" class="ui-state-default ui-corner-all">Gynecological Examination</a></p>
                <p><a href="#" id="dl26" class="ui-state-default ui-corner-all">Blood Analysis</a></p>
                <p><a href="#" id="dl27" class="ui-state-default ui-corner-all">Complete Urine Analysis</a></p>                
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>



    <h3><a href="#">3 rd TRIMESTER From 28 wk until term</a></h3>
    <div>
        <div id="suba3">
            <h3><a href="#3a">7° Month</a></h3>
            <div>                
                <p><a href="#" id="dl28" class="ui-state-default ui-corner-all">Gynecological examination</a></p>
                <p><a href="#" id="dl29" class="ui-state-default ui-corner-all">3rd Scan (Biometrics) (30 ° -34 ° week)</a></p>
                <p><a href="#" id="dl30" class="ui-state-default ui-corner-all">Fetal Ultrasound</a></p>
                <p><a href="#" id="dl31" class="ui-state-default ui-corner-all">Blood analysis</a></p>
                <p><a href="#" id="dl32" class="ui-state-default ui-corner-all">COMPLTE URINE ANALYSIS</a></p>
            </div>
            <h3><a href="#3b">8° Month</a></h3>
            <div>
                <p><a href="#" id="dl33" class="ui-state-default ui-corner-all">Gynecological Examination</a></p>
                <p><a href="#" id="dl34" class="ui-state-default ui-corner-all">Blood Analysis</a></p>
                <p><a href="#" id="dl35" class="ui-state-default ui-corner-all">complete urine analysis (34°-35° week)</a></p>
                <p><a href="#" id="dl36" class="ui-state-default ui-corner-all">Vaginal swab test for Streptococcus (34°-35° sett)</a></p>
                <p><a href="#" id="dl37" class="ui-state-default ui-corner-all">Doppler flowmetry</a></p>                
            </div>
            <h3><a href="#3c">9° Month</a></h3>
            <div>
                <p><a href="#" id="dl38" class="ui-state-default ui-corner-all">Gynecological Examination</a></p>
                <p><a href="#" id="dl39" class="ui-state-default ui-corner-all">Blood Analysis</a></p>
                <p><a href="#" id="dl40" class="ui-state-default ui-corner-all">Complete Urine Analysis</a></p>                
                <p><a href="#" id="dl41" class="ui-state-default ui-corner-all">ELECTROCARDIOGRAM (34°-35° week)</a></p>
                <p><a href="#" id="dl42" class="ui-state-default ui-corner-all">Cardiotocograph (CTG) (34°-35° sett)</a></p>
                <p><a href="#" id="dl43" class="ui-state-default ui-corner-all">Interview with the anesthesiologist (35°-36° week)</a></p>                
                <p><a href="#" id="dl44" class="ui-state-default ui-corner-all">AFI [Amniotic Fluid Index]</a></p>
                <p><a href="#" id="dl45" class="ui-state-default ui-corner-all">Cardiotocograph (CTG) (38°- 40° sett)</a></p>
                <p><a href="#" id="dl46" class="ui-state-default ui-corner-all">Hospitalization for delivery (40+ sett)</a></p>                
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>

</div>


<!--This is for 2nd month-->


<div id="dln" title="pregnancy test (blood test, urinalysis -medical diagnostic kit)">
    <p>
        it can be done in a medical laboratory ( the main analysis are blood test and urinanalysis) or you can do it yourself at home using the common pregnancy test kit. This test has the aim to find and measure the levels of chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), a hormone, which tends to be higher during the earyl morning hours and it is produced by the placenta right after conception and increases in a stable way up until the third month of pregnancy. Urinanalysis have an extremely high precision rate (or index), above 95%.
    </p>
    <div class="ui-widget">
        <div class="ui-state-highlight ui-corner-all news_desc " style="margin-top: 20px; padding: 0 .7em; font-size: 11px;">
            <p><span class="ui-icon ui-icon-info" style="float: left; margin-right: .3em;"></span>
                <strong>Note : </strong> It is recomended to confirm a possible case of pregnancy if there is and absence of the menstrual flow.</p>
        </div>
    </div>

</div>
<div id="dln1" title="1°gynecological examination">
    <p>
        It's a crucial moment, where a first bond is developed with your doctor, a benchmark figure throughtout the whole process: the most important aspect is to feel at ease. For the first visit, it's important to have: the pregnancy-test, the result of the last pap-test(if you haven't done it during the last two years your doctor will prescribe it for you), the blood and urine analysis before pregnancy, your blood group, complete medical informations in regards to eventual other pregnancies, medical folders, list of used drugs and medications,list of hereditary illnesses or pathologies (both parents,and family members). During the visit, the doctor will confirm the pregnancy, rule out possible malformations of the genital apparatus(organs), collect your personal info and your partners', learn about your lifestyle, give advice and informations and prescribe to you the next due examinations. At the end he will measure your blood pressure and body weight, which both should be kept under control and duly monitored every week for the whole pregnancy period. If you are more than 35 years old it's important to decide if it's best to undergo a Chorionic villus sampling (CVS) or an Amniocentesis (also referred to as amniotic fluid test or AFT).
    </p>
</div>

<div id="dln2" title="Genetic counseling">
    <p>Genetic counseling is a specific form of analysis done by a specialist. The aim is to foresee, after having evaluated the genetical profile of the couple, if the fetus might have genetical problems.</p>
    <p>Timing is essential, it is recomended to fix the appointment with the genetist during the pre-conceptional period. It is extremely important that both parents take part in this specific medical phase. During the analysis, the genetist will recreate the complete downline or genealogy and provide a detailed overview of the most common genetical pathologies through accurate screening exams.</p>
    <div class="ui-widget">
        <div class="ui-state-highlight ui-corner-all news_desc " style="margin-top: 20px; padding: 0 .7em; font-size: 11px;">
            <p><span class="ui-icon ui-icon-info" style="float: left; margin-right: .3em;"></span>
                <strong>Note : </strong> RECOMENDED AFTER 35 YEARS OF AGE AND IF THERE ARE FAMILY CASES OF HEREDITARY DESEASES.</p>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>
<div id="dln3" title="Blood analysis">
    <p>It must be said that there isn't a unanimous agreement in regards to the examinations and on the frequency with which these must be done,so it is possible that some gynecologists prescribe less exams than other doctors would, but this does not mean they are less qualified or competent, this is because they have a different overview about the topic. Anyhow there is a list of the examinations that are recomended during pregnancy, this list has been drawn up by the National Health system, following the principles and guidelines of the decree 124, which has taken effect since september 10th 1998.The list includes specific medical services offered during the pre-conceptonial phase. www.ilmiobaby.com/imbol/pages/canaliMioBaby/gravidanza/saluteAttesa/esamiGravidanza/esamiSSN.jsp</p><hr/>
    <p><b>LIST OF THE MOST IMPORTANT EXAMINATIONS DURING PREGNANCY:</b>
    <ul>
        <li> BLOOD TYPE AB0 e Rh (D)</li>
        <li>ANTIBODIES ERYTHROCYTES [indirect Coombs test] in women with RH negative</li>
        <li>COMPLETE BLOOD ANALYSIS</li>
        <li>Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (GOT)</li>
        <li>Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (GPT)</li>
        <li>RUBELLA VIRUS ANTIBODY: IgG negative, before the 17 th week</li>
        <li>TOXOPLASMA ANTIBODIES (EIA): if IgG negative repeat every 30-40 days. until delivery</li>
        <li>TREPONEMA PALLIDUM ANTIBODIES (Search quantity. By emoagglutin. Passive) [TPHA] extended to the partner</li>
        <li>TREPONEMA PALLIDUM ANTIBODY cardiolipin (flocculation) [VDRL] [RPR] extended to the partner</li>
        <li>VIRUS IMMUNODEF. ACQUIRED [HIV 1-2] ANTIBODIES</li>
        <li>GLUCOSE</li>
        <li>PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL EXAMINATION OF URINES</li>
    </ul>
</p><hr/>
<p><b>Our protocol requires these additional tests:</b>
<ul>
    <li> Hemoglobins electrophoresis (to rule out Beta-thalassemia anemia)</li>
    <li>serum iron</li>
    <li>Glycosylated hemoglobin (for early screening of diabetes)</li>
    <li>HOMOCYSTEINE BASAL (for early screening of thrombophilia)</li>
    <li>ACTIVATED PROTEIN C RESISTANCE TEST (for early screening of thrombophilia)</li>
    <li>CYTOMEGALOVIRUS ANTIBODY (IGG + IGM)</li>
    <li>HBsAg + HCV (for early screening of hepatitis)</li>
    <li>TSH (for early screening of thyroid malfunction/disorders)</li>
</ul>
</p><hr/>
<p>
    If the mothers' blood group is A,B orAB positive is not necessary to know the fathers'type, whereas if both are O positive it is best to know.
    the RH factor. If the mother is RH negative it is necessary to know the fathers' blood type.

    For obese women, with or suspected diabetes, the level of glycemia is monitored throughout the whole pregnancy period. The doctor will assess the due examinations for the sugar control(from the oral glucose curve)and glycated hemoglobin (fee).The blood is drawn from a vein in the elbow in the morning on an empty stomach(this is essential only for glycemia).
</p>

</div>
<div id="dln4" title="COMPLETE URINE ANALYSIS">
    <p>Is a very simple test, useful to verify the renal function but also the health of the liver, the presence of diabetes, gestosis, preeclampsia, and urinary tract infections. If the pH is high, the nitrites are positive, there are bacteria and leukocytes in large quantities, it is most likely a urinary tract infection, quite common in pregnancy. To avoid any doubts a urine bacteria test with antibiogram is made to show the responsible bacteria,the concentration and eventual antibiotics. The urine test is also carried out in the presence of symptoms such as burning during urination and frequent urination. The urine test should be performed every month.</p>
</div>
<div id="dln5" title="Electrocardiogram">
    <p>In women with hypertension and high cardiovascular risk, we recommend a cardiological examination and some more extensive tests such as thyroid hormones (FT3, FT4) and TSH and coagulation parameters (PT and PTT).</p>
    <div class="ui-widget">
        <div class="ui-state-highlight ui-corner-all news_desc " style="margin-top: 20px; padding: 0 .7em; font-size: 11px;">
            <p><span class="ui-icon ui-icon-info" style="float: left; margin-right: .3em;"></span>
                <strong>Note : </strong> RECOMMENDED IN WOMEN WITH HIGH CARDIOVASCULAR RISK</p>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>

<!--This is for 3rd month-->


<div id="dln6" title="Gynecological Examination">
    <p>Visits after the first one should have a monthly basis. The visit is useful for a general check where you can clear up any doubt. During the visit blood pressure and body weight are always measured, the doctor checks the tests, evaluates the growth of the uterus, cervix, the state and the presence of fetal heartbeat, prescribes tests for the next visit , provides nutritional advice and behavioral suggestions. Prescribes an adequate diet in cases where there is a tendency for excessive maternal weight.</p>
</div>
<div id="dln7" title="1, Obstetric Ultrasound(9 ^ - ^ 12 weeks)">
    <p>The first ultrasound is performed through the use of a probe transvaginal ultrasound. These are high-frequency mechanical waves, inaudible to human ears, which are visualised on a screen and give the first images of the fetus.It is truly an exciting moment for both parents. In particular, the 1 st ultrasound evaluates fetal age (dating), its location and vitality. Allows the diagnosis of twin pregnancies and allows you to exclude any abnormalities in a very early or very serious underlying disease. Is a very important consideration that must be booked well in advance considering the requests. In most obstetric clinics is now available that an ultrasound expert allows the gynecologist to evaluate the most important parameters and to easily visualize the fetal heart rate (Office Ultrasound). This test, performed at each visit, is not normally reported.</p>
</div>
<div id="dln8" title="Bi-test o Duo-Test (10-12°week/s)">
    <p>The test should be performed in the 1 st quarter through a blood test that measures the concentration of two proteins produced by the placenta (betaHCG and PAPP-A) and that circulate in maternal blood. Is almost always performed in association with Nuchal Translucency to increase the capacity of diagnosis. The sensitivity of the two-test alone is 60-70%. Associated with the NT reaches 90%. If you test positive is recommended CVS or amniocentesis for definitive diagnosis.</p>
    <div class="ui-widget">
        <div class="ui-state-highlight ui-corner-all news_desc " style="margin-top: 20px; padding: 0 .7em; font-size: 11px;">
            <p><span class="ui-icon ui-icon-info" style="float: left; margin-right: .3em;"></span>
                <strong>Note : </strong>WHEN YOU FEAR A CHROMOSOMIC DESEASE</p>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>
<div id="dln9" title="NT - Nuchal Translucency (11 ° -13 ° week + 6 days)">
    <p>Is a test that is performed under ultrasound guidance, primarily via abdomen.It measure the thickness of the soft tissues of the neck of the fetus (dermis) which appear as a zone free of echoes between the bone of the neck and the skin that covers it (Nuchal Translucency). The more the thickness is thin the more the risk of desease decreases, or is reduced. Thicknesses greater than 3, 4, 5 and 6 mm are associated with risks of 4, 21, 26 and 41 times higher than those that the woman has for her own age. The Fetal Medicine Foundation in London provides a specialist qualified program that allows you to calculate with high sensitivity (75-80%) the individual risk of chromosomal defects (especially Down's syndrome) according to the measurement of NT.</p>
    <div class="ui-widget">
        <div class="ui-state-highlight ui-corner-all news_desc " style="margin-top: 20px; padding: 0 .7em; font-size: 11px;">
            <p><span class="ui-icon ui-icon-info" style="float: left; margin-right: .3em;"></span>
                <strong>Note : </strong>ROUTINE, often combined with the 1°ULTRASOUND</p>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>
<div id="dln10" title="Combined test & Contingent tests (11 ° -13 weeks + 6 days)">
    <p>The Combined Test (Ultrascreen) is a non-invasive test that is based on a combination of ultrasound (measurement of NT) and a blood test (dualtest). It has a diagnostic sensitivity of 90% and you are able to detect any abnormalities of the chromosomes of the fetus with a very low error margin (10% false negatives). The same program is used by FMF. When through this test it appears that the margin of risk of chromosomic desease lies between 1/350 and 1/1000 it is strongly recommended to acquire additional ultrasound parameters (measuring the facial angle of the nasal bone and ductus venosus Doppler evaluation more and tricuspid valve). This screening of the second level (Test Quota) increases the diagnostic sensitivity up to 93-96%. There are other screening tests of chromosomal deseases which are less frequent due to their complexity compared to the slight increase in diagnostic capability(as to the results).</p>
    <div class="ui-widget">
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            <p><span class="ui-icon ui-icon-info" style="float: left; margin-right: .3em;"></span>
                <strong>Note : </strong>RECOMENDED WHEN YOU FEAR A CHROMOSOMIC DESEASE.</p>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>
<div id="dln11" title="CVS(10 ° -12 ° wk)">
    <p>Useful to detect the possible presence of chromosomal defects and inherited diseases. You run through an abdominal chorionic villus sampling, ie fragments of the placenta. The advantage over amniocentesis is that it can be done early in time and then, if a serious disease is diagnosed in the fetus, pregnancy can be terminated at an earlier stage. Thanks to modern molecular biology techniques, you can also exclude genetic diseases (Meditterranean anemia, muscular dystrophy, cystic fibrosis, congenital deafness, fragile X syndrome) and metabolic diseases. It implies a low risk of abortion( 0,5-1% and the presence of 1% of mosaicism (a small proportion of cells with chromosomal abnormalities is associated with normal cells). In these cases, to rule out the derivation of the altered cells from the placenta, it is necessary to perform an amniocentesis.</p>
    <div class="ui-widget">
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            <p><span class="ui-icon ui-icon-info" style="float: left; margin-right: .3em;"></span>
                <strong>Note : </strong>RECOMENDED AFTER 35 YEARS OF AGE OR IN PRESENCE OF GENETIC HEREDITARY DESEASES</p>
        </div>
    </div>
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<!--This is for 4rth month-->

<div id="dln12" title="Gynecological examination">
    <p>Useful for a general check of your health and your childs' through Office Ultrasound. During the visit blood pressure and body weight are always. The doctor checks the tests, evaluates the growth of the uterus, cervix, the state and the presence of fetal heartbeat, prescribes tests for the next visit, provides nutritional advice and behavioural suggestions.</p>
</div>
<div id="dln13" title="Blood analysis">
    <p>Blood count, serum iron, blood glucose, toxo-test, rubella, anti-CMV (if you are not immune), indirect Coombs test if Rh negative, full examination of the urine.</p>
</div>
<div id="dln14" title="COMPLTE URINE ANALYSIS">
    <p>To check kidney function, liver etc. (see 2nd month)</p>
</div>
<div id="dln15" title="Amniocentesis (15 ° -17 ° week)">
    <p>This test is recommended if there is risk of genetic and chromosomal disorders such as, for example, Down's syndrome. The same type of needle used for villocentesis is pushed, under ultrasound guidance, until it reaches the brim of amniotic fluid (in an area distant from the fetus, trying to avoid also the placenta) about 20 cubic centimeters of the same are aspirated. In addition to the chromosomal analysis, the ALfa-fetus-protein dosage is run on the same liquid. This is high in the case of neural tube closure defects in the fetus such as split spine, anencephaly, cleft lip and the gastroschisis. Thanks to modern techniques of molecular biology, genetic diseases can be excluded (Meditterranean anemia, muscular dystrophy, cystic fibrosis, congenital deafness, fragile X syndrome), fetal infectious diseases (rubella, toxoplasmosis, cytomegalovirus, chickenpox, fifth disease) and metabolic diseases .
        Has a risk of abortion similar to the chorionic villus sampling (0.5-1%).</p>
    <p>The disadvantage is that you are running late, but it is more useul to exclude that mosaicism diagnosed by chorionic villus sampling.</p>
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                <strong>Note : </strong>RECOMENDED AFTER 35 YEARS OF AGE OR IN PRESENCE OF GENETIC HEREDITARY DESEASES)</p>
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<div id="dln16" title="Tri-Test o Triple Test (15°-20° weeks)">
    <p>The Triple Test is based on a determination in the blood of pregnant women,of three molecules which have fetal placental origin and that increase the ability to detect Down syndrome: the alfafetusprotein (AFP), the free estriol (μE3) and freebeta-hCG). It has a diagnostic sensitivity of 65%, lower than the screening tests run in the first trimester. It is done if the woman didn't do the previous tests.	</p>
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                <strong>Note : </strong>RECOMENDED WHEN YOU FEAR A CHROMOSOMIC DESEASE.</p>
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    </div>
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<div id="dln17" title="Dosage of the Alfa Fetus Protein (AFP) in the mother's blood (15° - 20° week/s)">
    <p>This test is performed to assess the risk ofcongenital anomalies. When the parameters ​​are higher than 2.5 times the median(or average?), the risk of split spine and labioplatoschisis increase. In these cases it is desirable to look more closely at these districts during fetal ultrasound (19 to 21 weeks).</p>
</div>


<!--This is 5th month-->

<div id="dln18" title="Gynecological Examination">
    <p>Overall checkup. During the visit blood pressure and body weight are measured. The doctor checks the exams, studies the growth of the uterus, cervix, the state (more accurately assessed by transvaginal ultrasonography: cervix measurement) and the presence of fetal heartbeat, prescribes tests for the next visit , provides nutritional advice and behavioural suggestions.</p>
</div>
<div id="dln19" title="2° ecografia (morfologica) (19°-21° sett)">
    <p>It is performed regularly with the abdominal probe. Its purpose is to evaluate carefully the morphology of various organs and systems of the fetus, to control the normal development and to exclude any of these malformations and growth retardation. According to the protocol of the Italian Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology Ultrasound (SIEOG)it is necessary to carefully study the anatomy of the central nervous system, the structures of the facial mass, face, spine, bone segments of all four limbs and the anterior abdominal wall, view the orbits, the four chambers of the heart than the heart connection with the great arteries, the lodges kidney, bladder, stomach, diaphragm and three-vessel umbilical cord. When you diagnose the sex of the child. We must then measure all fetal biometric parameters, estimate the amount of amniotic fluid, placenta and to evaluate the position of the insertion of the umbilical cord. Measure the flow of the umbilical and uterine arteries. The report should be accompanied by some significant ultrasound images or video recording.
        Better book it in advance.</p>
</div>
<div id="dln20" title="3D ultrasound">
    <p>With three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound it is now possible to diagnose certain birth abnormalities that may escape during traditional ultrasound such as defects of the face, hands, feet, spine and heart. The three-dimensional ultrasound can't be completely carried out as routine examination. Your specialis should primarily acquire all informations(biometric and morphological elements) through routine examinations and state the baby's health state. Only in specific cases will start to examine three-dimensional as an aid or as an additional analysis, ie only when it becomes necessary to resolve doubts or confirm diagnostic suspicions.</p>
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                <strong>Note : </strong>RECOMENDED IN SPECIFIC CASES OR IF PARENTS DECIDE FO IT.</p>
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    </div>
</div>
<div id="dln21" title="Cordocentesis (18 ° - week-term)">
    <p>Cordocentesis involves taking a fetal blood sample from the umbilical cord under ultrasound guidance. Generally, they take two cubic centimeters of blood which is then differentiated from the mother's blood by using a different colour. Cordocentesis can also be run at a late stage, until the 3 rd trimester of pregnancy, in cases where it is difficult to collect amniotic fluid, or in case of women who present themselves late for prenatal diagnosis. With this technique it is possible to diagnose a variety of fetal diseases. Currently it is rarely performed because there are some tests (including FISH - Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization) that allow you to have the preliminary result in 2-3 days of the fetal karyotype from amniotic fluid so to exclude the most common chromosomal deseases(13 - 18 - 21).</p>
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            <p><span class="ui-icon ui-icon-info" style="float: left; margin-right: .3em;"></span>
                <strong>Note : </strong>RECOMENDED AFTER THE 35 YEARS OF AGE OR IN PRESENCE OF HEREDITARY DEASEASES OR IF THE WOMAN PRESENTED HERSELF LATE FOR SCREENING.</p>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>
<div id="dln22" title="Blood analysis">
    <p>Blood count, serum iron, toxo-test, Rubella (if not immune)</p>
</div>
<div id="dln23" title="COMPLTE URINE ANALYSIS">
    <p>To check kidney function, liver etc. (see 2nd months)</p>
</div>
<div id="dln24" title="Doppler flowmetry (22 ° -24 ° week)">
    <p>It is an examination recommended to check the flow and oxygenation level of the blood from the maternal uterine arteries to the uterus and from this to the placenta. You run this examination using the Doppler ultrasound. The probe releases ultrasounds at intervals, pulses of ultrasonic waves that when they encounter moving structures, such as blood vessels or heart valves,are technically registered. As a result you have a detailed overview of these diagnosed parameters such as the change in blood velocity in the phases of contraction (systole) and relaxation (diastole) of the walls of the heart and arteries. On these paths it is possible to make further measurements such as, for example, the maximum speed of the blood. The Dopplerflow is run on some fetal and maternal vessels.
        The Fetal Doppler assesses the health of the fetus, or its degree of oxygenation and is indicated:</p>
    <ul>
        <li>In pregnancies that go beyond the expected date of childbirth.</li>
        <li>in case of fetal diseases: under-development, malformations, oligo-and polyhydramnios.</li>
        <li>in the case of maternal diseases typical of pregnancy: gestosis, hypertension and diabetes (see: Complications).</li>
    </ul>
    <p>The alteration of Doppler at 5 º month of pregnancy can be the first sign of disease that are most likely to occur in the following months: pre-eclampsia, hypertension caused by pregnancy, fetal slow development.</p>
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                <strong>Note : </strong>RECOMENDED ONLY IF THE WOMAN IS AFFECTED WITH HYPERTENSION</p>
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    </div>
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<!--This is 6th month-->

<div id="dln25" title="Gynecological Examination">
    <p>Overall checkup. During the visit blood pressure and body weight are measured. The doctor checks the exams, studies the growth of the uterus, cervix, the state (more accurately assessed by transvaginal ultrasonography: cervicometria) and the presence of fetal heartbeat, prescribes tests for the next visit , provides nutritional advice and behavioral suggestions.</p>
</div>
<div id="dln26" title="Blood Analysis">
    <p>Blood count, serum iron, toxo-test curve to load with 75 g of glucose and one sample (baseline after 1 and 3 hours) between 24 and 28 weeks. Used to assess whether there is risk of gestational diabetes. If at least one of three values ​​is high, it is called gestational diabetes. Even a fasting plasma glucose greater than 92 should be suspected.</p>
</div>
<div id="dln27" title="Complete Urine Analysis">
    <p>To check kidney function, liver etc. (see 2 months). In case of bacteria in the urine diagnosed in the previous check it is also recommended a urine test.</p>
</div>


<!--This is 7th month-->

<div id="dln28" title="Gynological Examination">
    <p>Overall checkup. During the visit blood pressure and body weight are measured. The doctor checks the exams, studies the growth of the uterus, cervix, the state (more accurately assessed by transvaginal ultrasonography: cervicometria) and the presence of fetal heartbeat, prescribes tests for the next visit , provides nutritional advice and behavioral suggestions.</p>
</div>
<div id="dln29" title="3rd Scan (biometrics) (30 ° -34 ° week)">
    <p>It is run through abdominal probe and allows a new checkup of the fetus organs . The main aim of this examination is to evaluate the childs' development through specific measurements,such as head diameter, abdominal circumference, thighbone and humerus length plus other parameters.Furthermore an esteem of the volume of the amniotic fluid is done, which may vary during the weeks but normally it is between 6 and 22 cm. The position and structure of the placenta are measured and the presentation of the fetus is defined, normally 95% of cases the position is cephalic.</p>
</div>
<div id="dln30" title="Fetal Ultrasound">
    <p>Evaluates the anatomy of the fetal heart and the absence of congenital heart disease. The performance is recommended in case of family predisposition for heart disease, when detecting malformations of other organs or in the case of big children, and when the amniotic fluid is very abundant.</p>
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                <strong>Note : </strong>WHEN NECESSARY</p>
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    </div>
</div>
<div id="dln31" title="Blood Analysis">
    <p>Complete blood count, serum iron, toxo-test. If the blood count indicates a low count of red blood cells, your doctor may request a ferritin test, a parameter that measures the concentration of iron in the fetal tissues, essential for proper brain development of children.</p>
</div>
<div id="dln32" title="Complete Analysis">
    <p>To check kidney function, liver etc (see 6th month).</p>
</div>

<!--This is 8th month-->

<div id="dln33" title="Gynecological Analysis">
    <p>Overall checkup. During the visit blood pressure and body weight are measured. The doctor checks the exams, studies the growth of the uterus, cervix, the state (more accurately assessed by transvaginal ultrasonography: cervicometria) and the presence of fetal heartbeat, prescribes tests for the next visit , provides nutritional advice and behavioral suggestions.</p>
</div>
<div id="dln34" title="Blood Analysis">
    <p>Complete blood count, serum iron, toxo-test. If the blood count indicates a low count of red blood cells, your doctor may request a ferritin test, a parameter that measures the concentration of iron in the fetal tissues, essential for proper brain development of children.</p>
</div>
<div id="dln35" title="Complete Urine Analysis (34°-35° week)">
    <p>To check kidney function, liver etc (see 6 th month).</p>
</div>
<div id="dln36" title="Vaginal swab test for Streptococcus (34°-35° sett)">
    <p>Many gynecologists, even in the absence of symptoms, require the vaginal and rectal swab to detect the possible presence of beta-hemolytic streptococcus of group B. This is a microbe that if present in the vagina or rectum may infect the baby during birth, causing neonatal infections that in rare cases can be very dangerous. The examination is performed by taking a sample of mucus and desquamated cells from the vaginal canal, which is then analyzed under a microscope. Not all gynecologists, however, agree to ask, given the very low rate of neonatal infection of this kind in Italy. However, if the test detects the presence of streptococcus (which usually does not cause any symptoms in the mother), the doctor will prescribe antibiotic prophylaxis to women during labor and possibly the baby. Of course, the vaginal swab can be performed to search for other germs at any other time in pregnancy, in cases of suspected vaginal infection.</p>
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                <strong>Note : </strong>WHEN NECESSARY</p>
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<div id="dln37" title="Doppler flowmetry">
    <p>Evaluates the quantity and quality of the blood flow in some maternal and fetal veins (see 5th month).</p>
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                <strong>Note : </strong>RECOMMENDED IN CASE OF MATERNAL HYPERTENSION OR SLOW FETAL GROWTH</p>
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    </div>
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<!--This is 9th month-->


<div id="dln38" title="Gynological Examination">
    <p>Overall checkup. During the visit blood pressure and body weight are also measured. The doctor checks the exams, studying the growth of the uterus, the state of the cervix (more accurately assessed by transvaginal ultrasonography: cervicometria) and the presence of fetal heartbeat, prescribes tests for the next visit , provides nutritional advice and behavioral suggestions.
In the last month most of the specialists perform more frequent checks (every 10-15 days), considering that the complications are more common during this time and in the days after delivery.</p>
</div>
<div id="dln39" title="Blood Analysis">
    <p>All'inizio del nono mese è opportuno eseguire molti esami poiché, oltre a quelli di routine dei mesi precedenti, è necessario controllare la coagulazione, la funzionalità renale ed epatica, l'elettrocardiogramma ed alcuni esami necessari per una eventuale anestesia epidurale/spinale o generale.</p>
</div>
<div id="dln40" title="Complete Urine Analysis">
    <p>To check kidney function, liver etc (see 6 th month).</p>
</div>
<div id="dln41" title="ELECTROCARDIOGRAM (34°-35° week)">
    <p>In women with hypertension and high cardiovascular risk is also advisable to visit a cardiologist.</p>
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                <strong>Note : </strong>RECOMENDED IN WOMEN WITH HYPERTENSION.</p>
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</div>
<div id="dln42" title="Cardiotocograph (CTG) (34°-35° sett)">
    <p>Cardiotocography, one of the fundamental parameters of the Fetal Biophysical Profile, records the fetal heart rate and its variations, compared to the baseline, depending on uterine contractile activity considered as a parameter for assessment of fetal well-being. The fetal heartbeat is usually detected by Doppler technique, by placing an ultrasound probe on the abdomen in correspondance of the fetal chest, as close as possible to the area where the heart is. The corresponding path appears in the upper part of the paper strip. The cardiotocograph thus allows to obtain 2 paths, recorded simultaneously on the same strip of paper, one above the other, in connection with changes in heart rate of the fetus (FCF) and uterine contractile activity. The examination cardiotocograph used to monitor fetal well-being and, particularly, to highlight an acute fetal distress. The recording lasts about 20 minutes, may be repeated a second time in doubtful cases and for long periods during the labor.</p>
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                <strong>Note : </strong>RECOMENDED IN CASE OF FETAL DISTRESS</p>
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<div id="dln43" title="Interview with the anesthesiologist (35°-36° week)">
    <p>Pre-anesthetic checks for those who must undergo cesarean or epidural useful for collecting data of interest. Some tests may also be requested.</p>
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                <strong>Note : </strong>ROUTINE IN CASE OF EPIDURAL OR CAESAREAN</p>
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</div>
<div id="dln44" title="AFI [Amniotic Fluid Index]">
    <p>This is the approximate determination of amniotic fluid volume. The doctor performs four measurements of the water (distance between the wall of the uterus and the fetal body) of liquid, in the four quadrants in which you can ideally divide the uterus (upper right, upper left, lower right and lower left). The AFI is the sum of the measurements in cm. Normality is from a minimum of 4 to a maximum of 20 cm. The oligohydramnios (significant reduction in the amount of amniotic fluid to below 4 cm) may be an early sign of fetal distress.</p>
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                <strong>Note : </strong>During routine ultrasound or at term of delivery</p>
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    </div>
</div>
<div id="dln45" title="Cardiotocograph (CTG) (38°- 40° sett)">
    <p>Cardiotocography, one of the fundamental parameters of the Fetal Biophysical Profile, records the fetal heart rate and its variations, compared to the baseline, depending on uterine contractile activity considered as a parameter for assessment of fetal well-being. The fetal heartbeat is usually detected by Doppler technique, by placing an ultrasound probe on the abdomen in correspondance of the fetal chest, as close as possible to the area where the heart is. The corresponding path appears in the upper part of the paper strip. The cardiotocograph thus allows to obtain 2 paths, recorded simultaneously on the same strip of paper, one above the other, in connection with changes in heart rate of the fetus (FCF) and uterine contractile activity. The examination cardiotocograph used to monitor fetal well-being and, particularly, to highlight an acute fetal distress. The recording lasts about 20 minutes, may be repeated a second time in doubtful cases and for long periods during the labor.</p>
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            <p><span class="ui-icon ui-icon-info" style="float: left; margin-right: .3em;"></span>
                <strong>Note : </strong>During routine ultrasound or at term of delivery</p>
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    </div>
</div>
<div id="dln46" title="Hospitalization for delivery (40+ sett)">
    <p>Only in cases of high-risk pregnancy or in the presence reported diseases. Or when the cesarean is planned. In all other cases, the admission is for onset of labor, premature rupture of the amniotic sack or blood loss</p>
</div>
